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The manufacturing world is currently witnessing three significant transformations: (i) Intervention of Industry-4.0 / smart manufacturing in factories, (ii) Initiatives in the Circular Economy (CE) for a sustainable future, and (iii) Accelerated replacement of fossil-fueled vehicles with environmental-friendly electric vehicles (EVs) in the mobility sector to reduce the impact on environmental pollution. The expected burgeoning growth of EVs will require exponential scale-up of the production of Electric vehicle batteries (EVB) which contain valuable metals - Lithium, Nickel, Manganese, and Cobalt from the earth. Such a scenario, with the conventional linear mindset of take-make-use-throw, is expected to create a huge burden on natural resources and hence calls for circular material production and consumption in the ecosystem. Such a circular system would demand appropriate monitoring, accurate tracking, an efficient collection system, enabling reprocessing technology, and finally customer mindset to adapt to the circularity culture.

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